spend的主语通常是人,句型有: 1. (sb.) spend some money/some time on sth. 2. (sb.) spend some money/some time (in) doing sth. 例如: I spent fifty yuan on the coat. = I spent fifty yuan (in) buying the coat. 我花50元买了这件大衣。 He spent three days on the work. = He spent three days (in) doing the work. 他干这项工作用了3天。 3. spend money for sth. 花钱买…… 例如: His money was spent for books. 他的钱用来买书了。 take常用于“占用、花费”时间,后面常跟双宾语,其主语通常为形式主语“it”或物。句型有: 1. It takes/took sb. some time to do sth 例如: It will take me two days to do the work. 这项工作将会花去我2天时间。 2. Doing sth./sth. takes sb. some time. 例如: The work will take me two days. 这项工作将会花去我2天时间。 Repairing this car took him the whole afternoon. 他花了一下午修车。 It took me three years to draw the beautiful horses. =Drawing the beautiful horses took me three years. 画这些漂亮的马花费了我3年时间。 pay为“付款、赔偿”之意,主语通常是人,句型有: 1. sb. pays some money for sth 例如: I paid fifty yuan for the coat. 我花50元买了这件大衣。 2. pay (sb.) money for sth. 付钱(给某人)买…… 例如: I have to pay them 20 pounds for this room each month. 我每个月要付20英镑的房租。 3. pay money back还钱 例如: May I borrow 12 yuan from you? I’ll pay it back next week. 你能借给我12元吗?下周还你。 4. pay off one’s money还清钱 cost的主语是物或某种活动,还可以表示“值”。句型有: 1. sth. costs (sb.) +money某物花了(某人)多少钱 例如: A new computer costs a lot of money. 买一台新电脑要花一大笔钱。 2. (doing) sth. costs (sb.) +time 某物(做某事)花了(某人)多少时间 例如: Remembering these new words cost him a lot of time. 他花了大量时间才记住了这些单词。 注意:cost的过去式及过去分词都是cost,并且不能用于被动句。
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